Often fatal

Increased cases of “tampon disease” in Japan

(Bild: angellodeco - stock.adobe.com)

The government in Tokyo made efforts on Friday to dispel fears at home and abroad about a recent significant increase in cases of a life-threatening bacterial infection. Japan is not the only country affected by toxic shock syndrome (TSS for short), a government spokesperson said.

Since the end of the coronavirus pandemic, the number of respiratory diseases has "increased in various countries". From January 1 to March 13, 474 cases of TSS caused by streptococcal bacteria were registered in Japan. This is more than half the number of cases in the whole of last year, which amounted to 941. Toxic shock syndrome can lead to organ failure and is fatal in one in three cases.

North Korea had informed the Japanese Football Association that it would not be able to host the Japanese team for a qualifying match for the 2026 World Cup as planned. The internationally isolated country did not give any reasons.

According to the Japanese news agency Kyodo, however, the reason was probably the increased number of TSS cases in Japan. The match scheduled for Tuesday was postponed and will now take place at a later date on neutral territory, according to the Asian Football Confederation.

What is streptococcus?

Streptococcus is a type of bacteria that particularly affects mucous membranes. They are infectious and can cause various diseases. Many types of streptococci are harmless to healthy adults or cause relatively harmless illnesses such as pharyngitis or scarlet fever. However, some strains can also cause dangerous - in the worst case even fatal - illnesses and complications

Also known as "tampon disease"
In 2022 and 2023, there were also frequent infections with type A streptococci, which can cause TSS, in Europe, North America and Australia. The syndrome is also known colloquially as "tampon sickness", as the majority of cases occur in connection with the use of tampons during menstruation.

Pathogen is transmitted by droplets
However, the pathogen is also transmitted by droplets. The Japanese Ministry of Health had therefore already called on the population in January to wash their hands regularly, keep their distance from other people and wear a mask in busy public places.